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聚四氟乙烯油封

2024-11-23

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目前使用比较广泛的是丁腈橡胶与氟橡胶材料,前者成本低廉,但耐温与密封性能较差,泄漏情况比较严重;后者的耐温性与密封性有明显改善,但成本较高,且仍具备普通橡胶材料的某些不良共性:如耐磨性能差、使用寿命短、对轴的偏心反应特别敏感等,泄漏现象仍比较普遍。

填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)油封代替唇形橡胶油封,成功解决了橡胶骨架油封漏水、漏油问题。

一、聚四氟乙烯油封材质优点

聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)又名铁氟龙或塑料王,是四氟乙烯单体的共聚物,它具有下列优点:

(1)化学稳定性:几乎所有的化学抗性,强酸、强碱或强氧化剂及有机溶剂等对它均不起作用。

(2)热稳定性:裂解温度在400℃以上。因此,聚四氟乙烯能够在-200℃~300℃温度范围内正常工作。

(3)减摩性:聚四氟乙烯材料磨擦系数极低,仅0.02,是橡胶的1/40。

(4)自润滑性:聚四氟乙烯材料表面具有突出的自润滑性,几乎所有粘性物质均不能粘附到它的表面上去。

二、聚四氟乙烯油封填充改性

纯聚四氟乙烯不耐磨,要使它具有实用性,必需对它填充改性处理。我们采用二种方法:一种是无机物填充改性,在聚四氟乙烯里加入玻璃纤维、碳素纤维、石墨、二硫化钼等。另一种是有机物填充改性,在聚四氟乙烯里加入聚苯脂、聚苯硫醚等(适用于净水、食品,药品密封)。通过填充改性使聚四氟乙烯耐磨性能提高了2000倍,又增加了钢性、导热性,使油封达到高寿命要求。

三、聚四氟乙烯密封原理

聚四氟乙烯油封唇口在加工时被拉成喇叭状,由于聚四氟乙烯经拉制后具有记忆收缩能力,在工作中产生的摩擦热使唇口会不断收缩,所以不需要弹簧的帮助,它会紧紧抱在轴上,不让它与轴表面有间隙存在,又能补偿磨损。

四、聚四氟乙烯油封优点

聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)油封与橡胶油封比较有以下优点:

1、橡胶油封采用弹簧压紧的尖唇口,与轴接触面宽仅为0.3—0.5mm聚四氟乙烯油封采用无弹簧的宽唇动力结构,与轴接触面宽为5—7mm,这样可以保持一个足够的油膜,而且对轴的偏心不敏感,在径向跳动0.4mm工况下仍可正常工作。

2、聚四氟乙烯油封内壁刻有与轴转向相反的螺纹槽,当轴旋转时会产生一个向内推力,阻止流体外流。这个推力很高,致使能封住1.0MPa(单唇),3MPa(双唇)流体的压力,橡胶油封仅为0.03MPa。

3、聚四氟乙烯油封极佳的抗磨擦性,特别适用于无油或少油状态工作,即使长期停机后再度启用,也能立即拥有低磨擦特性。

4、聚四氟乙烯油封特别适用于高速旋转应用,速度可达30m/s。

5、聚四氟乙烯油封可做到无泄漏。

五、聚四氟乙烯油封应用

聚四氟乙烯油封主要应用在空压机、发动机、齿轮箱、马达、泵、空调、搅拌机、自动化精密机械、机器人、化学处理设备、制药和食品加工设备等等,特别适用于传统橡胶油封无法满足的应用。

六、聚四氟乙烯油封安装要求

聚四氟乙烯油封安装及安装部位的设计可参照NOK油封VAJ型或CFW-Simmerring油封B2PT型。

聚四氟乙烯油封是一种技术含量较高的产品。

来源:网络

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