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轮毂轴承故障症状以及分析

2024-08-20

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轮毂轴承是汽车的关键部件之一,其主要作用是承载重量,为轮毂的转动提供准确的指导。它是一组钢球(球轴承)或锥体(锥形轴承),由一个金属环固定在一起。它使车轮能够以最小的摩擦力平稳地旋转。车轮轴承是安全的关键部件,旨在承受由重力、加速度、断裂力和转弯力引起的径向和轴向载荷,因此,当它们停止正常工作时,就需要更换!

汽车轴承失效的现象主要表现在:汽车在驾驶的过程中车轮会出现晃动,而且整个车子抖动的也比较厉害,时常伴有奇怪的响声,滚动经常有顿挫感,尤其是在提速的时候,响声会变大等情况。

还有一种情况就是ABS失效,车辆行驶过程中出现ABS信号灯亮。

原因分析1

●异响

现象:轴承在运转时出现不规律、尖锐的的声响(如近似口哨、间歇性刺耳声响等)。

原因:

1、材料缺陷:非金属夹杂引起的沟道剥落;

2、轴承预紧力过大(游隙小,影响轴承使用);

3、润滑不良(工作表面损伤,出现压痕,引起裂纹及剥落) ;    

4、安装不到位或安装倾斜,暴力安装导致轴承内部结构偏差;

5、承受非正常负荷。

原因分析2

●松旷

现象:车辆行驶过程中车轮有摆动现象,严重时出现方向发抖和摆动。

原因:

1、轴承内部组元工作表面磨损,内部间隙变大;

2、轴承预紧力不够,工作一段时间后预紧力消除,内部间隙变大;

3、轴承与连接组件配合不良;

4、轴承驱动螺母锁紧力矩不够或松动(这种情况很多)。

原因分析3

●ABS信号不良

现象:车辆行驶过程中出现ABS信号灯亮。

原因:

1、轴承内部组元干涉,工作一段时间后破损,影响ABS信号传递;

2、传感器连接器部位松动或导线破损;

3、整车制动系统和ABS系统不良。

4、ABS收到外力损伤

以上是对轮毂轴承的常见问题的总结以及产生的原因解析,在日常安装过程中还有很多因素也会影响轮毂轴承的使用寿命,以上分析仅供参考!

(来源:LANCI澜社汽车)