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2024-07-30
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1.检查方法：
（1）移开箱盖并用手转动电动机，可以检查轮齿磨损情况。
（2）给轿厢加载荷，使之对重平衡，让一边超重，使蜗轮偏转，若偏转量过大，表明轮齿已过度磨损。
2.更换蜗轮、蜗杆的标准：
（1）当齿轮磨损使齿侧间隙超过1mm，并在运转中产生猛烈撞击时，或轮齿磨损量达原来厚15％时，应予更换。
（2）为保证齿合性，要成对更换。
3.减速器的润滑应经常检查，重点是油质和油量：
（1）润滑油的选择：30#齿轮油或24#、38#汽缸油；
（2）润滑油加入要适量，过多会引起发热，功率损失，发生气泡，使油质变质，不能使用；
（3）油的合理高度：当蜗杆在下面时，最高浸到蜗杆中心，最低浸到蜗杆齿高；当蜗杆在上面时，最高浸到蜗轮直径1/6，最低浸到蜗轮的齿高；
（4）新装或大修后，在运转8－10天必须更换润滑油，以后半年内每季换一次油，再后根据油的清洁情况，半年至一年更换一次；
（5）换油时，把减速箱清洗干净，在加油口放过滤网，经滤网注入，以保证清洁度，更换的油应作废；
（6）滚动轴承用轴承润滑脂（钙基润滑脂），必须填满轴承空腔2/3，每月挤加一次（油杯内必须加满润滑脂，挤加方法是将油杯盖旋转2/3－1圈），每年清洗更新一次。减速器在正常运行时，机件和轴承的温度一般不超过70℃，如超过80℃或产生不均匀噪声或出现磨切和撞击声时应检修，更换轴承。
4.经常观查轴承、箱盖、油窗盖等结合部有无漏油。
（1）蜗杆轴承漏油是常见缺陷，轴承部位漏油时应及时更换油封。
（2）安装油封时，密封圈唇口应向内；压紧螺栓要交替的拧紧，使压盖均匀压紧油封，安装羊毛毡圈前应用机油浸透，可减少毡圈与轴颈的摩擦和提高密封恨性能。
（3）当箱盖、油窗盖漏油时，更换纸垫或在结合面涂一层薄透明漆，处理后，必须拧紧螺栓。
（4）漏油处理后，箱内应补入与原箱号相同的牌号的润滑油，否则全部更换。
5.蜗轮齿圈与轮筒的结合应：
螺母无松动，螺栓无移位，轮筒与主轴连接无松动。用手锤检查轮筒有无裂纹。
6.在蜗杆的一端通常都装有双向推动球轴承，检查推力座圈，以知是否过度磨损，当因磨损而至空隙加大，轴向力可能传给电机轴承，可引起过热和碎裂，和联轴器弹性圈在孔内窜动而很快损坏。
7.经常检查地脚螺栓，不允许松动。
8.减速器的安装和维护：
（1）电梯采用蜗轮蜗杆减速器，具有传动大，噪音小，传动平稳，体积小等优点；
（2）蜗杆多采用滑动轴承，承受径向力。当改用滚动轴承时，要求轴承精度不低于D级；
（3）蜗轴多采用滚动轴承，精度不低于E级；轴承精度对噪音和寿命均有影响，必须符合精度要求；
（4）蜗轮轴不是直接安装在器上，而是分别安装在轴承支架和短轴承座上，轴承支架安装在曳引机机座上，短轴承安装在箱体上，因此与蜗杆的中心距可调整。方法：在轴承支架和短轴承的底面加减垫片；
（5）蜗轮齿圈联结的轮筒上铸有挡油盘和毛毡密封，因此蜗轮轴部分很少有漏油性发生；
（6）蜗杆采用密封环和填料密封组合，因蜗杆转速高，并在油面以下，故漏油现象时有发生；
（7）安装减速器不允许在箱体底部塞垫片，如不平，应用锉刀、刮刀等加工，直到符合要求；
（8）为使蜗轮传动灵活，要求啮合有一定的间隙，最小齿侧间隙称为保证侧隙，因此蜗杆和蜗轮轴的轴向间隙应符合规定。
来源：深圳市双工科技有限公司
（版权归原作者或机构所有）
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Hangzhou Jingzhou Bearing Co.,Ltd.
Address：Liangzhu Indystrial City Hangzhou
Service hotline：0571-88777186 88777665
Jiangsu Jingzhou Bearing Co., Ltd.
Address：No.19, Yulan Avenue, Xuyi Economic DevelopmentZone, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province
Service hotline：0517-80817777
Website：www.jzbearing.com
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