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Function: _error_handler
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Function: _error_handler
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\jzbearing.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\jzbearing.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
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Function: require_once
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\jzbearing.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
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2024-07-16
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\jzbearing.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
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Function: require_once
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Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\jzbearing.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
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Function: require_once
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Message: Use of undefined constant SEC_KEY - assumed 'SEC_KEY'
Filename: database/translate.php
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\jzbearing.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
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针对减速机漏油的现象进行了详细分析, 重点介绍了造成减速机漏油的各种原因。通过对漏油减速机实施相应改造与防治, 基本解决了减速机漏油的问题。
1 减速机漏油现象分析
减速机在工业生产中担当着重要的角色, 由于工作环境、使用方法、维护方式以及设计缺陷等原因的存在, 减速机在运行过程中都会出现不同程度的漏油现象。减速机漏油不仅污染环境、造成润滑油浪费,甚至会出现因缺油引起的减速机打齿故障。如何有效地防治减速机漏油是企业正常生产的有效保障。
调查表明, 减速机漏油的部位主要出现在观察孔处、箱体结合面以及输入、输出轴孔处。导致减速机漏油的原因较多, 但总结其主要原因如下。
(1)通气不顺引起的漏油。由于减速机工作环境的限制, 从而会引起减速机通气不顺, 通气器堵塞等现象。一旦减速机内气体无法正常排出, 将会导致减速机内温度迅速升高。此时减速机内的气压随着减速机工作温度的升高而增大, 将会使减速箱内润滑油在压力的作用下, 从缝隙处漏出。
(2)安装精度不高引起的漏油。减速机在启动时承受巨大的动载荷, 一旦减速机的安装精度达不到标准要求, 将导致减速机底座螺栓松动, 从而加剧减速机的振动, 使减速机高、低速轴孔处的密封圈磨损加剧, 使润滑油流出。
(3)加工精度不良引起的漏油。由于减速机箱体配合面加工精度不高、公差不合适以及装配不符合要求等因素的存在, 都会形成减速机漏油的可能。
(4) 结构设计不合理引起的漏油:①检查孔盖板下设通气孔, 易于造成检查孔盖板处漏油与通气孔的堵塞;②嵌入式轴承端盖密封不良, 经常出现渗油现象 ;③减速机输入、输出轴孔处密封不合理, 是减速机漏油的主要原因。
2 减速机漏油防治措施
(1)优化减速机工作环境, 保障其通气舒畅。对于工作在恶劣环境下的减速机, 尽可能给减速机加上一个防护罩, 杜绝灰尘进入通气孔。同时加强对减速机的点检与打扫, 确保箱体上的灰尘得到及时清理,使减速机通气的流畅。
(2)严格作业, 保证减速机安装精度。在减速机的安装作业中, 采用先进的测量仪器, 确保减速机安装的水平度与垂直度, 减小减速机的震动程度。另外加强减速机的点检力度, 第一时间内消除减速机螺栓松动现象, 保证减速机工作的平稳。
(3)对于减速机箱体结合面加工精度不高、装配不合理引起的漏油, 防治措施如下:①对箱面结合处进行再次打磨精整, 保证上下箱体配合精度 ;②上下箱体安装时, 在合箱面均匀涂抹一层密封胶, 形成一个封闭的连续胶圈, 从而消除合箱面的漏油现象。
(4)结构设计不合理是造成减速机漏油的主要原因, 由此产生的漏油现象是防治工作中的难点, 也是本篇文章所讨论的重点。①减速机通气孔的设计改造 一些减速机生产厂家为了节约成本, 经常在观察孔盖板下开设通气孔, 如图1所示。如此设计, 一方面减速机齿轮油容易从观察孔盖板下通气孔处泄露 ;另一方面通气孔容易进入灰尘造成堵塞, 使减速机的油温升高 。通过改造, 在观察孔盖板上专门安装通气装置, 如图2所示。这样不但保证了检查孔盖板处不易漏油, 而且使减速机通气畅通无阻。
②减速机端盖的设计改造 对于采用嵌入式轴承端盖的减速机, 如图3所示。这种端盖设计对配合处的加工精度有很高的技术要求。据统计, 多数采用嵌入式端盖密封的减速机, 在使用一定期限以后经常会出现漏油的现象。针对以上现象, 我们对嵌入式端盖密封进行如图4所示改造。在端盖上添加一个或两个密封圈, 这样不仅降低了端盖加工的精度而且起到了很好的密封作用。结果表明, 采用此种改造的轴承端盖 95%以上不会出现端盖处漏油现象。
③减速机输入、输出轴孔处密封的设计改造减速机输入、输出轴颈与通盖之间的密封属动面密封。目前, 大多减速机采用的密封方式为骨架密封, 如图5所示。但由于减速机通常工作在高温、高粉尘、强振动的环境下, 一旦灰尘进入油液, 容易加剧密封圈的磨损, 导致密封圈失效从而引起润滑油泄露。对此,设计出图6所示的密封方式, 即在输入、输出轴的通道处用聚四氟乙烯制成挡油环作旋转接触, 当飞溅的润滑油从轴承进入挡油环时, 都被离心力抛回轴承或箱体内。经实践证明, 采用如此设计效果良好, 且具有加工、装配方便, 容易修理的优点。
3 结语
减速机漏油现象较常见, 也难以根治。通过采用以上防治措施, 基本上控制了减速机漏油的现象, 延长了减速机的使用寿命, 保证了生产设备良好稳定的运行。
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Hangzhou Jingzhou Bearing Co.,Ltd.
Address：Liangzhu Indystrial City Hangzhou
Service hotline：0571-88777186 88777665
Jiangsu Jingzhou Bearing Co., Ltd.
Address：No.19, Yulan Avenue, Xuyi Economic DevelopmentZone, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province
Service hotline：0517-80817777
Website：www.jzbearing.com
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