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Taper roller bearing|Deep groove ball bearing|Angular contact ball bearing|Self-aligning roller bearing|Cylindrical roller bearing|Jingzhou Bearing

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O型圈密封泄露的原因

2024-07-02

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泵中常用的是橡胶O型圈。由于其形状十分简单,因而制造容易,成本低廉,不论O型圈的整体尺寸有多大,其截面尺寸都很小(只有几毫米)所以重量轻,消耗材料少,使用方法简单,安装、拆卸方便,更为突出的优点还在于O形圈具有良好的密封能力,使用范围很宽。静密封工作压力可达100MPa以上,动密封也可达30Mpa。适用温度为-60~200℃,可满足多种介质的使用要求。因此在泵的设计中得到越来越广泛的应用。

O形密封圈安装在沟槽和被密封面之间,有一定压缩量,由此产生的反弹力给予被密封的光滑面和沟槽底面以初始的压缩应力。从而起到密封作用。当被密封的液体压力增大时,O形圈的变形也随之增大,从而传递给密封面的压力也增大,密封的作用也增大。这就是O形密封圈具有良好密封能力的原因。

O形密封圈虽然密封可靠,但如果不注意使用条件,也会发生泄漏,通常有以下几种情况:

1、装O形圈的沟槽尺寸超差,尤其是深度尺寸过大时,使O形圈安装后压缩变形量不足而影响密封能力。一般O形圈安装后压缩变形量应在18%~22%之间,截面尺寸大时压缩相对变形量较小,而截面尺寸较小时压缩相对变形量则较大。

2、O形密封圈的公称尺寸与实际安装尺寸相差太多,形成O形圈在拉伸后截面尺寸缩小的状况下工作,造成压缩变形量不足而产生泄漏。

3、O形密封圈在安装时,由于密封面的进口没有光滑的倒角或倒圆而将O形圈划伤而产生泄漏。

4、O形密封圈的材质不适用于密封介质而被侵蚀后失效。

5、O形密封圈使用时间太久后老化变质,弹性降低后而失效,所以在设备大修时一般都将O形圈更换。

另外,O形密封圈的硬度,沟槽和密封面的粗糙度也影响O形密封圈的密封效果。

来源:真空行业知识圈

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