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电机轴承损伤状态分析与对策

2024-04-20

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电动机运行中,轴承部分发生故障是常见的,因为轴承是电动机上较易磨损的零件,又是负载重部分。一般电动机运行中,轴承温度不超过95度,超过这个温度就容易损坏。

轴承损坏的主要原因:

(1)轴承的润滑脂的选择要合适,应根据其类型尺寸和运行条件来选择。润滑脂填充量要合适,一般为轴承室1/2-2/3为宜,润滑脂过多,将直接熔化流出,甩到绕组上,腐蚀绕组。

(2)轴承安装不当或安装带轮不正确,外力使轴承内外圈装歪,致使转动不灵活,轴承发热损坏。

(3)轴承滚柱滚珠,内外套圈滚珠支架严重磨损和发生金剥落,造成电机异响,以致电机扫镗烧毁。

(4)电机轴向没有窜量,轴承外盖与轴承外套之间大小。电机运转时,转子受热膨胀时伸长,致使轴承发热。

(5)电机端盖没上好,止口没有靠紧,或轴承盖上不均,使滚珠偏出轨道旋转而发热。

(6)防护不好,轴承内进水或粉尘,使轴承得不到良好润滑而损坏。

造成电机故障的原因很多,就其根本原因有电气和机械两方面的原因,一般机械方面的原因居多,而轴承损坏占电机故障原因的70%以上,所以防止轴承损坏可以使电机故障率大大降低,以下详细分析轴承损坏的原因及防范措施。

(来源:今日电机)