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Function: _error_handler
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2024-02-27
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File: D:\database\translate.php
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刘东
（河北钢铁集团宣钢公司型棒厂）
摘 要：针对宣钢75万吨棒材生产线14#、16#、18#架可平立转换的轧机减速机输入轴密封及伞齿箱输出轴密封易发生磨损，导致润滑油泄漏问题，通过对轧机减速机输入轴端设计安装密封隔环，将离合器内齿套同骨架油封彻底隔开，解决了减速机输入轴润滑油泄漏问题；将伞齿箱输出轴密封装置中的一套骨架油封设计成两套，并在两套骨架密封之间设计加装带止口的隔环，有效地保护油封内 唇边，使其不易磨损，解决了伞齿箱输出轴润滑油泄漏问题，保证了正常生产，降低了成本，改善了现场环境。
1、引言
机械设备离不开密封。机械装置联接处及运动件与不动件之问有间隙，为了阻止机械零件中的液体、气体工作介质以及润滑油泄漏，防止外部灰尘、水、气体以及其他介质进入润滑部位，必须设置密封装置）。密封装置不仅能节约润滑剂，保证机械正常工作，提高机械寿命，同时对防止污染、改善现场环境、提高生产水平、降低成本、减少劳动强度等有很大作用。
2、问题的提出
宣钢75万吨／年棒材生产线共有18架轧机，全部呈平一立交替布置，分为粗、中、精轧三个机组，每个机组由6架轧机组成，其中精轧机组中14#、16#、18#三架可以平立转换．以满足小规格热轧带肋钢筋的切分轧制。
可平立转换的轧机减速机及相关部件连接示意图如图1，减速机、伞齿箱悬空安装在旋转机架上能进行90°旋转。减速机两端均有输入轴，当轧机作为立式轧机使用时，用一端带伞齿箱的输入轴；作为平式轧机使用时伞齿箱甩掉不用．即减速机旋转到水平位置，减速机的另一侧输入轴与离合器相连(如图1弧线所示)。
可平立转换的轧机减速机作为平式轧机使用时．其输入轴端的密封装置为减速机输入端压盖内镶嵌骨架密封圈．该密封装置同安装在输入轴上的离合器内齿套后部外圈相配合，起到密封箱体的作用(如图2)。在运行过程中，骨架密封内唇边容易磨损造成润滑油泄漏嘲；轧机减速机平式使用时内部油压较高，压力油容易从轴头处泄漏；另外，由于离合器内齿套为定期磨损更换件，每次更换需在热拆热装中进行，骨架密封受热变形，使用周期和效果大大降低。
轧机作为立式轧机使用时，伞齿箱输出密封容易损坏，造成润滑油泄漏。而伞齿箱输出轴侧同减速机用长筒式联轴器相连(如图1)，处理更换密封需要拆装联轴器及轧机减速机，处理程序繁琐，处理时间较长。经统计，每年需更换轧机减速机离合器内齿套12件，更换伞齿箱长轴内齿套10件，泄漏润滑油30多桶，影响生产作业时间20多个小时，不但影响生产、增加成本，而且还污染环境。
3、问题的分析与解决
3.1 轧机减速机平式使用时输入轴密封装置的改进
通过分析减速机输入密封装置的结构并观察其运行状况，总结出骨架密封内唇边容易磨损的主要原因是由于离合器内齿套在运行过程中出现振动导致的。为了从根本上解决内齿套振动对油封内唇边造成的磨损，同时也为了消除热拆热装内齿套时，由于高温造成骨架油封变形、使用寿命缩短、密封效果降低的问题，从离合器的内齿套人手，把骨架油封同内齿套分离，使二者不发生接触。具体方案如下：
设计一种密封隔环(如图3所示)，密封隔环的内外径同离合器内齿套的内外径相同，长度比箱体内轴承定位套的长度长mm，把内齿套后部通过机加工缩短45mm，重新装配减速机输入轴密封装置后(即去掉轴承定位套，把密封隔环装在输出轴上)，再将密封装置和内齿套装配到位；另外，在密封隔环的内径开一条凹槽，安装一个0形圈，对输出轴内侧进行密封。改进后的减速机输入密封装置示意图如图4所示。
另外，在安装0形圈时，不要将其拉到永久变形的程度，也不要边滚动边套装，否则可能因形成扭曲状而漏油。
3.2轧机减速机立式使用时伞齿箱输出轴密封装置的改进
伞齿箱输出轴轴承压盖密封装置的密封形式为输出轴轴承压盖内镶嵌骨架密封圈。骨架密封与 输出
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Hangzhou Jingzhou Bearing Co.,Ltd.
Address：Liangzhu Indystrial City Hangzhou
Service hotline：0571-88777186 88777665
Jiangsu Jingzhou Bearing Co., Ltd.
Address：No.19, Yulan Avenue, Xuyi Economic DevelopmentZone, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province
Service hotline：0517-80817777
Website：www.jzbearing.com
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