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Function: _error_handler
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2024-01-23
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我们知道提高离心泵可靠性的方法之一是在轴承箱上采用用非接触式轴承隔离器替换接触式密封件密封。
接触式密封件的预期寿命有限，它们会在接触点磨损密封唇，也会磨损泵轴。发生这种情况时，污染物将进入轴承箱，导致轴承故障。
对流程泵轴承箱密封失效常见的判断是润滑油从轴承箱泄漏。对于大多数操作人员来说：没有漏油意味着密封好，而漏油就是密封失效。虽然接触式密封件确实如此，但轴承隔离器漏油很可能是由于密封失效以外的因素造成的。
以下是流程泵轴承隔离器润滑剂泄漏的一些常见原因总结。
01 润滑油过量
听起来很简单，大家也都知道，但流程泵轴承箱泄漏的原因是轴承箱过度填充。对于维护专业人员来说，加注到加注线（或稍微超过一点）已成为惯例。维护人员的想法是，如果发生润滑泄漏，还有额外的润滑剂可用。这种做法可能会无意中导致泄漏。
比较幸运的是，一旦恢复到适当的油位，轴承箱通常会停止泄漏并恢复正常功能。可能会有一些漏油，但随着时间的推移，这种情况应该会减少。
润滑剂填充过高，造成轴承发热失效是另一种可能的比较不幸的事情。
解决方案：正确填充润滑剂
02 隔离器安装错误
大多数轴承隔离器都有设计成迷宫模式的润滑剂回流。此回流口需要安装在轴承隔离器的下方或六点钟位置才能正常工作。这使得润滑油可以轻松返回油池。
密封方向安装不正确的常见原因之一是缺乏培训或安装说明不明确。
解决方案：增加对维修人员的培训
03 润滑剂回流路径受阻
大多数轴承隔离器都能有效收集飞溅到迷宫密封槽中的润滑剂。一旦他们收集到了润滑剂，就需要一条畅通无阻的路径将收集的润滑剂返回油池。但是，轴承箱中的台阶可能会阻挡润滑油返回。因为轴承箱的台阶起初设计可能是用于为压入式唇形密封件提供安装的（目前很多工厂的轴承隔离器是在原始设计为唇封基础的基础上改进来的）。
轴承和轴承箱密封之间的区域如果缺少回油孔。发生这种情况时，润滑剂会积聚在该区域，直到空间完全淹没并且从密封泄漏。
为了解决这个问题，轴承和轴承隔离器之间的区域必须设计通往油池的润滑油返回路径（回油孔）。润滑剂回流仅通过轴承流入油池可能会导致润滑剂泄漏。
解决方案：检查润滑油回流路径
04 油杯应用不当
油杯对位置极其敏感，必须按照制造商的指南安装在相对于轴旋转方向的泵壳的正确一侧。油杯也必须是正确安装。有问题的安装可能导致轴承箱过度填充，随后会发生润滑剂泄漏。
解决方案：检查油杯安装位置
05 密封选择不当
有些轴承隔离器专门设计用于脂润滑，有些轴承隔离器则设计用于油或油雾。有些设计可以处理所有润滑类型。
在某些情况下，非标设计轴承隔离器比标准件更具有功能优势。例如，在润滑剂飞溅程度高的离心泵泵轴承箱中，设计迷宫直接与润滑剂返回路径相连可以大大提高效率。
解决方案：优化密封选择
总结
一旦发生轴承箱漏油，不要急着更换轴承隔离器，可以试着看看是否其它原因造成。轴承隔离器几乎可以提供无限的预期寿命，但是价格也比较昂贵，频繁更换不是它的优势。更多地关注应用细节，花时间检查一些简单的参数会大大有助于确保无故障运行。
来源：机泵与轴承
（版权归原作者或机构所有）
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Hangzhou Jingzhou Bearing Co.,Ltd.
Address：Liangzhu Indystrial City Hangzhou
Service hotline：0571-88777186 88777665
Jiangsu Jingzhou Bearing Co., Ltd.
Address：No.19, Yulan Avenue, Xuyi Economic DevelopmentZone, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province
Service hotline：0517-80817777
Website：www.jzbearing.com
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